Princess Caroline Ferdinande of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
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| Princess Caroline Ferdinande of Bourbon-Two Sicilies | |
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| Duchess of Berry Duchess della Grazia |
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| The Duchess of Berry, painted in 1828 by Élisabeth-Louise Vigée-Le Brun. | |
| Spouse | Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry Ettore Carlo Lucchesi-Palli, 8th Duke della Grazia |
| Issue | |
| Princess Louise Isabelle Prince Louis Princess Louise Marie Thérèse Prince Henri, Count of Chambord Clementina Lucchesi-Palli Francesca di Paola Lucchesi-Palli Maria Isabella Lucchesi-Palli Adinolfo Lucchesi-Palli, 9th Duke della Grazia |
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| Full name | |
| Italian: Maria Carolina Ferdinanda Luisa French: Marie Caroline Ferdinande Louise |
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| House | House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies House of Bourbon |
| Father | Francis I of the Two Sicilies |
| Mother | Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria |
| Born | 5 November 1798 Naples, Kingdom of Naples |
| Died | 17 April 1870 (aged 71) Brünsee, Styria, Austria-Hungary |
| Burial | Mureck Cemetery, Mureck |
Princess Maria Carolina Ferdinanda Luisa of Naples and Sicily[1] (born 5 November 1798 in Naples, Kingdom of Naples; died 17 April 1870 in Brünsee, Styria, Austria-Hungary) was the daughter of King Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his first wife, Maria Clementina of Austria.
Caroline married King Louis XVIII of France's nephew, Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry on 24 April 1816 in Naples, following negotiations with the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies by the French ambassador Pierre Louis Jean Casimir de Blacas, thus becoming the Duchesse de Berry. She became an important figure during the Bourbon Restoration after the assassination of her husband in 1820. Caroline's son, Henri, comte de Chambord, was named the "miracle child" because he was born after his father's death and continued the direct Bourbon line of King Louis XIV of France. (The Duke of Berry saw only one child born by Caroline, Louise). In 1824, King Louis XVIII died and was succeeded by Caroline's father-in-law, King Charles X.
In 1830, she was forced to flee France when Charles X was overthrown during the July Revolution. She returned to her family in Naples. Later, however, with the help of Emmanuel Louis Marie de Guignard, vicomte de Saint Priest, she unsuccessfully attempted to restore the Legitimist Bourbon dynasty during the reign of the Orléanist monarch, King Louis Philippe of the French (1830–1848).
Her failed rebellion in the Vendée in 1832 was followed by her arrest and imprisonment in November, 1832. She was released in June, 1833 after giving birth to a daughter and revealing her secret marriage to an Italian nobleman, Ettore Carlo Lucchesi-Palli, 8th Duke della Grazia. In 1844, she and her husband purchased the beautiful palazzo Ca' Vendramin Calergi on the Grand Canal in Venice from the last member of the Vendramin family line. In the turmoil of the Risorgimento, she was forced to sell the palazzo to her grandson, Prince Henry, Count of Bardi, and many of its fine works of art were auctioned in Paris.[2]
She returned to Sicily, ignored by other members of the House of Bourbon, and died near Graz (Austria-Hungary) in 1870.
French novelist Alexandre Dumas, père wrote two stories about her and her plotting.
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[edit] Issue
Children with Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry:[1]
- Princess Louise Élisabeth of France (13 July 1817 - 14 July 1817)
- Prince Louis of France (born and died 13 September 1818)
- Princess Louise Marie Thérèse of Bourbon (21 September 1819 - 1 February 1864)
- Prince Henri, Duke of Bordeaux and Count of Chambord (29 September 1820 - 24 August 1883)
Children with Ettore Carlo Lucchesi-Palli, 8th Duke della Grazia:[1]
- Clementina Lucchesi-Palli (19 November 1835 - 22 March 1925)
- Francesca di Paola Lucchesi-Palli (12 October 1836 - 10 May 1923)
- Maria Isabella Lucchesi-Palli (18 March 1838 - 1 April 1873)
- Adinolfo Lucchesi-Palli, 9th Duke della Grazia (10 March 1840 - 4 February 1911)
[edit] Ancestors
[edit] References
- ^ a b c Darryl Lundy (9 March 2007). "Maria Carolina Ferdinanda Louise di Borbone, Principessa delle Due Sicilie". thePeerage.com. http://thepeerage.com/p11377.htm#i113766. Retrieved on 2008-10-03.
- ^ Ca' Vendramin Calergi: La storia
- This article incorporates text from the public domain 1907 edition of The Nuttall Encyclopædia.
[edit] Further reading
- Cronin, Vincent. Four Women in Pursuit of an Ideal. London: Collins, 1965; also published as The Romantic Way. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1966.
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