Portal:Fascism

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The Fascism Portal

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Fascism is a political ideology based primarily on nationalism. Definitions of fascism beyond that are controversial, and the term is often abused as an epithet. Also, fascism’s position in the political spectrum is disputed. Fascism originated in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in the form of Italian Fascism. Similar movements, most notably Nazism, started in other countries, taking fascism worldwide. Several of these fascist movements came to power over their respective countries, many of which joined Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany to form the Axis powers. The Allies defeated the Axis in World War II. After that defeat, fascism went underground to later resurface as neofascism.

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Albert Speer (born Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer and pronounced /ˈʃpɛɐ/; March 19, 1905 – September 1, 1981) was a German architect who was, for part of World War II, Minister of Armaments and War Production for the Third Reich. Speer was Adolf Hitler's chief architect before assuming ministerial office. He designed and construct a number of structures, including the Reich Chancellery and the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg where Party rallies were held. Speer accepted responsibility at the Nuremberg trials and in his memoirs for crimes of the Nazi regime and was sentenced to twenty years imprisonment, most of which he served in Spandau Prison in West Berlin. After his release, Speer published two bestselling autobiographical works, Inside the Third Reich and Spandau: The Secret Diaries.

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Credit: Lt. A. E. Samuelson, United States Army

Prisoners interned by the Nazis in Ebensee concentration camp, a subcamp of Mauthausen-Gusen in Ebensee, Austria, are liberated by the United States Army. The prisoners are malnourished, incredibly pale and show signs of abuse and mistreatment. The camp was reputedly used for medical experiments by Aribert Heim, known as "Doctor Death".

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Did you know...

...that an amateur baseball tournament held on August 16, 1933 in the Christie Pits (pictured), ended with Nazi-symphatisers unveiling a flag depicting a swastika?
...that Arthur Ronald Nall Nall-Cain, 2nd Baron Brocket - grandfather of British TV celebrity Lord Brocket - was a known Nazi sympathiser?
...that England football captain Eddie Hapgood was forced by diplomats to give a Nazi salute before a match with Germany in 1938?

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In all the countries where fascism became victorious, we had, before the growth of fascism and its victory, a wave of radicalism of the masses—of the workers and the poorer peasants and farmers, and of the petty bourgeois class. In Italy, after the war and before 1922, we had a revolutionary wave of tremendous dimensions; the state was paralyzed, the police did not exist, the trade unions could do anything they wanted—but there was not party capable of taking the power. As a reaction came fascism. In Germany, the same. We had a revolutionary situation in 1918; the bourgeois class did not even ask to participate in the power. The social democrats paralyzed the revolution. Then the workers tried again in 1922-23-24. This was the time of the bankruptcy of the Communist Party—all of which we have gone into before. Then in 1929-30-31, the German workers began again a new revolutionary wave. There was a tremendous power in the Communists and in the trade unions, but then came the famous policy (on the part of the Stalinist movement) of social fascism, a policy invented to paralyze the working class. Only after these three tremendous waves did fascism become a big movement. There are no exceptions to this rule—fascism comes only when the working class shows complete incapacity to take into its own hands the fate of society.

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— Leon Trotsky, "FASCISM: What is it and how to fight it"

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News

28 June 2009: On Croatia's national anti-fascism day, President Stjepan Mesić delivers a warning about the rise in sympathy for the Ustasha state.[1]
27 June 2009: Nine former Nazi SS officers are sentenced to life imprisonment for a World War II massacre in Italy.[2]
17 June 2009: Michela Vittoria Brambilla, the tourism minister of Italy, is accused of delivering a Roman salute.[3]
15 June 2009: The Italian National Guard, a vigilante group set to begin foot patrols in Northern Italy, causes controversy when it unveils its uniform in Milan, which is seen as similar to that of the blackshirts.[4]

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