Novempopulania

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Novempopulania was first known as Aquitania.

Novempopulania (Latin for "country of the nine peoples") was one of the provinces created by Diocletian out of Gallia Aquitania, being also called Aquitania Tertia. The area of Novempopulania was historically the first one to receive the name of Aquitania, as it was here where the original Aquitani dwelt primarily. Yet with the creation of a larger province with that name by Augustus Aquitaine began to signify a larger and more diverse territory. In the Middle Ages, it was the core region of the Duchy of Vasconia, later being split between the Duchy of Gascony and the County of Vasconia.

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v • d • e Late Roman Provinces
Western Empire (395–476)
Praetorian Prefecture of Gaul	Diocese of Gaul: Lugdunensis I \| Lugdunensis II \| Lugdunensis III \| Lugdunensis IV \| Belgica I \| Belgica II \| Germania I \| Germania II \| Alpes Poeninae et Graiae \| Maxima Sequanorum Diocese of Vienne (later Septem Provinciae): Viennensis \| Alpes Maritimae \| Aquitanica I \| Aquitanica II \| Novempopulana \| Narbonensis I \| Narbonensis II Diocese of Spain: Baetica \| Baleares \| Carthaginensis \| Tarraconensis \| Gallaecia \| Lusitania \| Mauretania Tingitana Diocese of Britain: Britannia I \| Britannia II \| Flavia Caesariensis \| Maxima Caesariensis \| Valentia (369)
Praetorian Prefecture of Italy	Diocese of Suburbicarian Italy: Apulia et Calabria \| Bruttia et Lucania \| Campania \| Picenum Suburbicarium \| Samnium \| Tuscania et Umbria \| Valeria \| Sicilia \| Sardinia \| Corsica Diocese of Annonarian Italy: Liguria et Aemilia \| Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium \| Venetia et Istria \| Alpes Cottiae \| Raetia I \| Raetia II Diocese of Africa^†: Africa proconsularis (Zeugitana) \| Byzacena \| Mauretania Caesariensis \| Mauretania Sitifensis \| Numidia Cirtensis \| Numidia Militiana \| Tripolitania Diocese of Pannonia (later of Illyricum): Dalmatia \| Noricum mediterraneum \| Noricum ripense \| Pannonia I \| Pannonia II \| Savia \| Valeria ripensis
Eastern Empire (395–ca. 640)
Praetorian Prefecture of Illyricum	Diocese of Dacia: Dacia mediterranea \| Dacia ripensis \| Moesia I \| Praevalitana \| Dardania Diocese of Macedonia: Achaea \| Epirus vetus \| Epirus nova \| Macedonia I \| Macedonia II Salutaris \| Thessalia \| Creta
Praetorian Prefecture of the East	Diocese of Thrace: Europa \| Thracia \| Haemimontus \| Rhodope \| Moesia II^§ \| Scythia^§ Diocese of Asia: Asia \| Hellespontus \| Pamphylia \| Caria^§ \| Lydia \| Lycia \| Lycaonia (370) \| Pisidia \| Phrygia Pacatiana \| Phrygia Salutaria \| Insulae^§ Diocese of Pontus*: Bithynia \| Galatia I \| Galatia II Salutaris* \| Paphlagonia* \| Honorias* \| Cappadocia I* \| Cappadocia II* \| Helenopontus* \| Pontus Polemoniacus* \| Armenia I* \| Armenia II* \| Armenia Maior* \| Armenian Satrapies* \| Armenia III (536) \| Armenia IV (536) Diocese of the East: Cilicia I \| Cilicia II \| Isauria \| Cyprus^§ \| Syria I \| Syria II Salutaris \| Syria Euphratensis \| Osroene \| Mesopotamia \| Phoenice \| Phoenice Libanensis \| Palaestina I \| Palaestina II \| Palaestina III Salutaris \| Arabia \| Theodorias (528) Diocese of Egypt: Ægyptus I \| Ægyptus II \| Augustamnica I \| Augustamnica II \| Arcadia Ægypti \| Thebais Superior \| Thebais Inferior \| Libya Superior \| Libya Inferior
Other territories	Taurica \| Lazica (532/562) \| Spania (552)
Notes	Provincial administration reformed by Diocletian, ca. 293. Praetorian Prefectures established after the death of Constantine I. Empire permanently partitioned after 395. Exarchates of Ravenna and Africa established after 584. After massive territorial loss due to the Muslim conquests, the remaining provinces were replaced by the Theme system after ca. 660 * affected (boundaries modified/abolished/renamed) by Justinian's administrative reorganization in 534-536 ^† re-established after reconquest by the Eastern Empire in 534, as the separate praetorian prefecture of Africa ^§ joined together into the Quaestura exercitus in 536