List of state leaders in 1967
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1966 state leaders - Events of 1967 - 1968 state leaders - State leaders by year
See also:
Contents |
[edit] Africa
- Algeria
- President - Houari Boumédienne, President of Algeria (1965-1978)
- Botswana
- President - Sir Seretse Khama, President of Botswana (1966-1980)
- Burundi
- President - Michel Micombero, President of Burundi (1966-1976)
- Cameroon
- President - Ahmadou Ahidjo, President of Cameroon (1960–1992)
- East Cameroon Prime Minister - Simon Pierre Tchoungui, Prime Minister of East Cameroon (1965–1972)
- West Cameroon Prime Minister - Augustine Ngom Jua, Prime Minister of West Cameroon (1965–1968)
- Central African Republic
- President - Jean-Bédel Bokassa, President of the Central African Republic (1966-1979)[1]
- Chad
- President - François Tombalbaye, President of Chad (1960–1975)
- Prime Minister - François Tombalbaye, Prime Minister of Chad (1959–1975)[2]
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Republic of the Congo
- President - Alphonse Massemba-Débat, President of the Republic of the Congo (1963-1968)
- Prime Minister - Ambroise Noumazalaye, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (1966-1968)
- Dahomey
- Head of State -
- Prime Minister -
- Ethiopia
- Monarch - Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia (1941-1974)
- Prime Minister - Tsehafi Taezaz Aklilu Habte-Wold, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1961-1974)
- Gabon
- President -
- The Gambia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of The Gambia (1965-1970)
- Governor-General - Sir Farimang Mamadi Singateh, Governor-General of The Gambia (1966-1970)
- Prime Minister - Sir Dawda Jawara, Prime Minister of The Gambia (1962-1970)[3]
- Ghana
- Head of State - Joseph Arthur Ankrah, Chairman of the National Liberation Council of Ghana (1966-1969)
- Guinea
- President - Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (1958-1984)
- Ivory Coast
- President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Ivory Coast (1960-1993)
- Kenya
- President - Jomo Kenyatta, President of Kenya (1964-1978)
- Lesotho
- Monarch - Moshoeshoe II, King of Lesotho (1960-1970)[4]
- Prime Minister - Leabua Jonathan, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1965-1986)[5]
- Liberia
- President - William Tubman, President of Liberia (1944-1971)
- Libya
- Monarch - Idris I, King of Libya (1951-1969)
- Prime Minister -
- Malagasy Republic
- President - Philibert Tsiranana, President of Malagasy Republic (1959-1972)
- Malawi
- President - Hastings Banda, President of Malawi (1966-1994)
- Mali
- President - Modibo Keïta, President of Mali (1960-1968)
- Mauritania
- President - Moktar Ould Daddah, President of Mauritania (1960-1978)
- Morocco
- Monarch - Hassan II, King of Morocco (1961–1999)
- Prime Minister - Mohamed Benhima, Prime Minister of Morocco (1967–1969)
- Niger
- President - Hamani Diori, President of Niger (1960-1974)
- Nigeria
- Head of State - Yakubu Gowon, Head of the Federal Military Government of Nigeria (1966-1975)
- Biafra (unrecognized secessionist state)
- President - Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, President of Biafra (1967-1970)
- Rhodesia (unrecognized, de facto independent country)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Rhodesia (unacknowledged by her) (1965-1970)
- Governor - Sir Humphrey Gibbs, Governor of Southern Rhodesia (1959-1969)[6]
- Officer Administering the Government - Clifford Dupont, Officer Administering the Government of Rhodesia (1965-1975)[7]
- Prime Minister - Ian Smith, Prime Minister of Rhodesia (1965-1979)
- Rwanda
- President - Grégoire Kayibanda, President of Rwanda (1961-1973)[8]
- Senegal
- President - Léopold Sédar Senghor, President of Senegal (1960-1980)
- Sierra Leone
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Sierra Leone (1961-1971)
- Governor-General -
- Prime Minister -
- Sir Albert Margai, Prime Minister of Sierra Leone (1964-1967)
- Siaka Stevens, Prime Minister of Sierra Leone (1967)
- David Lansana, Prime Minister of Sierra Leone (1967)
- Ambrose Patrick Genda, Chairman of the National Reform Council of Sierra Leone (1967)
- Andrew Juxon-Smith, Chairman of the National Reform Council of Sierra Leone (1967-1968)
- Somalia
- President -
- Prime Minister -
- South Africa
- President -
- Prime Minister - B. J. Vorster, Prime Minister of South Africa (1966-1978)
- Sudan
- President - Ismail al-Azhari, President of Sudan (1965-1969)
- Prime Minister -
- Tanzania
- President - Julius Nyerere, President of Tanzania (1964-1985)[9]
- Togo
- Tunisia
- President - Habib Bourguiba, President of Tunisia (1957-1987)
- Uganda
- President - Milton Obote, President of Uganda (1966-1971)
- Upper Volta
- President - Sangoulé Lamizana, President of Upper Volta (1966-1980)
- Zambia
- President - Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia (1964-1991)
[edit] Asia
- Afghanistan
- Monarch - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (1933-1973)
- Prime Minister -
- Bhutan
- Monarch - Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1952-1972)
- Burma
- President - Ne Win, President of Burma (1962-1981)
- Prime Minister - Ne Win, Prime Minister of Burma (1962-1974)
- Cambodia
- Head of State - Prince Norodom Sihanouk, Head of State of Cambodia (1960-1970)
- Prime Minister -
- Ceylon
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Ceylon (1952-1972)
- Governor-General - William Gopallawa, Governor-General of Ceylon (1962-1978)[10]
- Prime Minister - Dudley Senanayake, Prime Minister of Ceylon (1965-1970)
- China (People's Republic of China)
- Communist Party Leader - Mao Zedong, Chairman of the Communist Party of China (1935-1976)
- Head of State - Liu Shaoqi, Chairman of the People's Republic of China (1959-1968)
- Premier - Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1949-1976)
- India
- President -
- Prime Minister - Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (1966-1977)
- Indonesia
- President -
- Japan
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926-1989)
- Prime Minister - Eisaku Sato, Prime Minister of Japan (1964-1972)
- North Korea
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party (1948-1994)
- Head of State - Choi Yong-kun, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1957-1972)
- Premier - Kim Il-sung, Premier of North Korea (1948-1972)
- South Korea
- President - Park Chung-hee, President of South Korea (1962-1979)
- Prime Minister - Chung Il-kwon, Prime Minister of South Korea (1964-1970)
- Laos
- Monarch - Savang Vatthana, King of Laos (1959-1975)
- Prime Minister - Prince Souvanna Phouma, Prime Minister of Laos (1962-1975)
- Malaysia
- Monarch - Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (1965-1970)
- Prime Minister - Tunku Abdul Rahman, Prime Minister of Malaysia (1955-1970)[11]
- Maldives
- Monarch - Muhammad Fareed Didi, Sultan of the Maldives (1954-1968)[12]
- Prime Minister - Ibrahim Nasir, Prime Minister of the Maldives (1957-1968)[13]
- Mongolia
- Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1958-1984)
- Head of State - Jamtsarangiin Sambuu, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of Mongolia (1954-1972)
- Premier - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1952-1974)
- Nepal
- Monarch - Mahendra, King of Nepal (1955–1972)
- Prime Minister - Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime Minister of Nepal (1965-1969)
- Pakistan
- President - Ayub Khan, President of Pakistan (1958-1969)
- Philippines
- President - Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (1965-1986)
- Singapore
- President - Yusof bin Ishak, President of Singapore (1959-1971)[14]
- Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (1959-1990)[15]
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President - Chiang Kai-Shek, President of the Republic of China (1950-1975)
- Premier - Yen Chia-kan, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1963-1972)
- Thailand
- Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946-present)
- Prime Minister - Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime Minister of Thailand (1963-1973)
- North Vietnam
- Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1960-1986)
- President - Hồ Chí Minh, President of North Vietnam (1945-1969)
- Premier - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of North Vietnam (1955-1976)[16]
- South Vietnam
- President - Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, President of South Vietnam (1965-1975)
- Prime Minister -
[edit] Australia and Oceania
- Australia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Richard Casey, Baron Casey, Governor-General of Australia (1965-1969)
- Prime Minister -
- New Zealand
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952-present)
- Governor-General -
- Prime Minister - Keith Holyoake, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1960-1972)
- Western Samoa
- Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western Samoa (1962-2007)
- Prime Minister - Fiame Mata'afa Faumuina Mulinu’u II, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1959-1970)[17]
[edit] Europe
- Albania
- Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944-1985)
- Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953-1982)
- Premier - Mehmet Shehu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954-1981)
- Andorra
- Co-Princes -
- French Co-Prince - Charles de Gaulle, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1959-1969)
- French Representative of Andorra - Roger Vincenot (1964-1970)
- Episcopal Co-Prince - Ramon Iglesias i Navarri, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1943-1969)
- Spanish Representative of Andorra - Jaume Sansa (1937-1972)
- French Co-Prince - Charles de Gaulle, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1959-1969)
- First Syndic - Francesc Escudé Ferrero, First Syndic of Andorra (1966-1972)
- Co-Princes -
- Austria -
- President - Franz Jonas, President of Austria (1965–1974)
- Chancellor - Josef Klaus, Chancellor of Austria (1964–1970)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951-1993)
- Prime Minister - Paul Vanden Boeynants, Prime Minister of Belgium (1966-1968)
- Bulgaria
- Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954-1989)
- Head of State - Georgi Traykov, Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of Bulgaria (1964-1971)
- Premier - Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1962-1971)
- Cyprus
- President - Makarios III, President of Cyprus (1960-1974)
- Czechoslovakia
- Communist Party Leader - Antonín Novotný, First Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1953-1968)
- President - Antonín Novotný, President of Czechoslovakia (1957-1968)
- Prime Minister - Jozef Lenárt, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1963-1968)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Frederick IX, King of Denmark (1947-1972)
- Prime Minister - Jens Otto Krag, Prime Minister of Denmark (1962-1968)
- Finland
- President - Urho Kekkonen, President of Finland (1956-1981)
- Prime Minister - Rafael Paasio, Prime Minister of Finland (1966-1968)
- France
- President - Charles de Gaulle, President of France (1959-1969)
- Prime Minister - Georges Pompidou, Prime Minister of France (1962-1968)
- East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
- Communist Party Leader - Walter Ulbricht, First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1950-1971)
- Head of State - Walter Ulbricht, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1960-1973)
- Premier - Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1964-1973)
- West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
- President - Heinrich Lübke, President of West Germany (1959-1969)
- Chancellor - Kurt Georg Kiesinger, Chancellor of West Germany (1966-1969)
- Greece
- Monarch - Constantine II, King of the Hellenes (1964-1973)[18]
- Regent - Georgios Zoitakis, Regent of Greece (1967-1972)
- Prime Minister -
- Hungary
- Communist Party Leader - János Kádár, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1956-1988)
- Head of State -
- Premier -
- Iceland
- President - Ásgeir Ásgeirsson, President of Iceland (1952-1968)
- Prime Minister - Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1963-1970)
- Ireland
- President - Éamon de Valera, President of Ireland (1959-1973)
- Prime Minister - Jack Lynch, Taoiseach of Ireland (1966-1973)
- Italy
- President - Giuseppe Saragat, President of Italy (1964-1971)
- Prime Minister - Aldo Moro, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1963-1968)
- Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938-1989)
- Head of Government - Gerard Batliner, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1962-1970)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964-2000)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1959-1974)
- Malta
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Malta (1964-1974)
- Governor-General - Sir Maurice Henry Dorman, Governor-General of Malta (1962-1971)[19]
- Prime Minister - Giorgio Borg Olivier, Prime Minister of Malta (1962-1971)[20]
- Monaco
- Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949-2005)
- Head of Government - Paul Demange, Minister of State of Monaco (1966-1969)
- The Netherlands
- Monarch - Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands (1948-1980)
- Prime Minister -
- Norway
- Monarch - Olav V, King of Norway (1957-1991)
- Prime Minister - Per Borten, Prime Minister of Norway (1965-1971)
- Poland
- Communist Party Leader - Władysław Gomułka, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1956-1970)
- Head of State - Edward Ochab, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1964-1968)
- Premier - Józef Cyrankiewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1954-1970)
- Portugal
- President - Américo Thomaz, President of Portugal (1958-1974)
- Prime Minister - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1932-1968)
- Romania
- Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party (1965-1989)
- Head of State -
- Premier - Ion Gheorghe Maurer, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1961-1974)
- San Marino
- Captains Regent
- Giovanni Vito Marcucci and Francesco Maria Francini, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1966–March 1967)
- Vittorio Rossini and Alberto Lonfernini, Captains Regent of San Marino (April 1967–September 1967)
- Domenico Forcellini and Romano Michelotti, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1967–March 1968)
- Captains Regent
- Soviet Union
- Communist Party Leader - Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1964-1982)
- Head of State - Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1965-1977)
- Premier - Alexey Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1964-1980)
- Spain
- Head of State - Francisco Franco, Head of State of Spain (1936-1975)
- Prime Minister - Francisco Franco, President of the Government of Spain (1939-1973)
- Sweden
- Monarch - Gustaf VI Adolf, King of Sweden (1950-1973)
- Prime Minister - Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of Sweden (1946-1969)
- Switzerland
- Turkey
- President - Cevdet Sunay, President of Turkey (1966-1973)
- Prime Minister - Süleyman Demirel, Prime Minister of Turkey (1965-1971)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952-present)
- Prime Minister - Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1964-1970)
- Vatican City
- Pope - Paul VI, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (1963-1978)
- Secretary of State - Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, Cardinal Secretary of State (1961-1969)
- President of the Governorate - Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (1961-1969)
- Yugoslavia
- Communist Party leader - Josip Broz Tito, President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1945-1980)
- President - Josip Broz Tito, President of Yugoslavia (1953-1980)
- Premier -
[edit] Middle East
- Iran
- Monarch - Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (1941-1979)
- Prime Minister - Amir-Abbas Hoveida, Prime Minister of Iran (1965-1977)
- Iraq
- President - Abdul Rahman Arif, President of Iraq (1966-1968)
- Prime Minister -
- Israel
- President - Zalman Shazar, President of Israel (1963-1973)
- Prime Minister - Levi Eshkol, Prime Minister of Israel (1963-1969)
- Jordan
- Monarch - Hussein I, King of Jordan (1952-1999)
- Prime Minister -
- Kuwait
- Monarch - Sabah III Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1965-1977)
- Prime Minister - Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1965-1978)
- Lebanon
- President - Charles Helou, President of Lebanon (1964-1970)
- Prime Minister - Rashid Karami, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1966-1968)
- Muscat and Oman
- Monarch - Said Bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman (1932-1970)
- Saudi Arabia
- Monarch - Faisal, King of Saudi Arabia (1964-1975)
- Prime Minister - Faisal, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1962-1975)
- Syria
- Head of State - Nureddin al-Atassi, Head of State of Syria (1966-1970)
- Prime Minister - Yusuf Zuaiyin, Prime Minister of Syria (1966-1968)
- United Arab Republic
- South Yemen (People's Democratic Republic of Yemen)
- Federation of South Arabia gained independence as People's Republic of South Yemen on 30 November 1967
- High Commissioner -
- President - Qahtan Mohammed al-Shaabi, President of South Yemen (1967-1969)
- North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic)
- President -
- Prime Minister -
[edit] North America and the Caribbean
- Barbados
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General -
- Prime Minister - Errol Barrow, Prime Minister of Barbados (1961–1976)[23]
- Canada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952-present)
- Governor General -
- Prime Minister - Lester B. Pearson, Prime Minister of Canada (1963-1968)
- Costa Rica
- President - José Joaquín Trejos Fernández, President of Costa Rica (1966–1970)
- Cuba
- Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro, First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (1965-present)
- President - Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado, President of Cuba (1959-1976)
- Prime Minister - Fidel Castro, Prime Minister of Cuba (1959-2008)[24]
- Dominican Republic
- President - Joaquín Balaguer, President of the Dominican Republic (1966–1978)
- El Salvador
- Guatemala
- President - Julio César Méndez Montenegro, President of Guatemala (1966-1970)
- Haiti
- President - François Duvalier, President for Life of Haiti (1957-1971)
- Honduras
- President - Oswaldo López Arellano, President of Honduras (1963-1971)
- Jamaica
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Clifford Campbell, Governor-General of Jamaica (1962-1973)
- Prime Minister -
- Mexico
- President - Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, President of Mexico (1964-1970)
- Nicaragua
- Panama
- President - Marco Aurelio Robles, President of Panama (1964-1968)
- Trinidad and Tobago
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Trinidad and Tobago (1962-1976)
- Governor-General - Sir Solomon Hochoy, Governor General of Trinidad and Tobago (1960-1972)[25]
- Prime Minister - Eric Williams, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1956-1981)[26]
- United States of America
- President - Lyndon B. Johnson, President of the United States (1963-1969)
[edit] South America
- Argentina
- President - Juan Carlos Onganía, President of Argentina (1966-1970)
- Bolivia
- President - René Barrientos, President of Bolivia (1966-1969)
- Brazil
- Chile
- President - Eduardo Frei Montalva, President of Chile (1964-1970)
- Colombia
- President - Carlos Lleras Restrepo, President of Colombia (1966-1970)
- Ecuador
- President - Otto Arosemena, President of Ecuador (1966-1968)
- Guyana
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Guyana (1966-1970)
- Governor-General - Sir David Rose, Governor-General of Guyana (1966-1969)
- Prime Minister - Forbes Burnham, Prime Minister of Guyana (1964-1980)[27]
- Paraguay
- President - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (1954-1989)
- Peru
- President - Fernando Belaúnde Terry, President of Peru (1963-1968)
- Prime Minister -
- Uruguay
- Venezuela
- President - Raúl Leoni, President of Venezuela (1964-1969)
[edit] References
- ^ Titled Emperor Bokassa I after 1976.
- ^ Chad only became independent in 1960.
- ^ The Gambia only became independent in 1965.
- ^ Lesotho only became independent in 1966, before that Moshoeshoe II was titled Paramount Chief.
- ^ Lesotho only became independent in 1966.
- ^ Unacknowledged by the government after 1965.
- ^ Clifford Dupont was titled President of Rhodesia between 1970 and 1975 after the abolishing of the monarchy.
- ^ Rwanda only became independent in 1962.
- ^ Julius Nyerere was previously President of Tanganyika from 1962 to 1964.
- ^ William Gopallawa was titled President of Sri Lanka between 1972 and 1978 after the abolishing of the monarchy.
- ^ Malaysia (then called Malaya) only became independent in 1957.
- ^ Maldives only became independent in 1965.
- ^ Maldives only became independent in 1965.
- ^ Singapore only became independent in 1965, before that Yusof bin Ishak was titled Yang di-Pertuan Negara of Singapore.
- ^ Singapore only became independent in 1965.
- ^ Subsequently prime minister of Vietnam from 1976 to 1987.
- ^ Western Samoa only became independent in 1962.
- ^ King Constantine II went into exile in 1967.
- ^ Malta only became independent in 1964, until then Sir Maurice Henry Dorman was titled Governor of Malta.
- ^ Malta only became independent in 1964.
- ^ Gamal Abdel Nasser was previously President of Egypt between 1954 and 1958.
- ^ Barbados only became independent in 1966, before that Sir John Montague Stow was titled Governor of Barbados.
- ^ Barbados only became independent in 1966, before that Errol Barrow was titled Premier of Barbados.
- ^ The position Prime Minister of Cuba was abolished on 2 December 1976, but President of the Council of Ministers was created and it continued to be held by Fidel Castro.
- ^ Trinidad and Tobago only became independent in 1962, until then Sir Solomon Hochoy was titled Governor of Trinidad and Tobago.
- ^ Trinidad and Tobago only became independent in 1962.
- ^ Guyana only became independent in 1966.

