Koreans in Hong Kong
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Total population |
|---|
| 4,812 (2006) |
| Regions with significant populations |
| Sai Wan Ho |
| Languages |
| Religion |
| Related ethnic groups |
Koreans in Hong Kong formed a population of 4,812 individuals as of 2006, making them one of Hong Kong's smaller minority groups.[3]
Contents |
[edit] Migration history
Some Koreans came to Hong Kong with the Imperial Japanese Army during the Japanese occupation; after the Japanese surrender, US Army records show that the British government repatriated 287 Korean soldiers to Korea.[4] In the 2001 census, Koreans were found to form 1.5% of Hong Kong's minority population, roughly 5,200 individuals, making them the 12th-largest minority community.[5] This number fell about 10% by the time of the 2006 census.[3] Virtually all Koreans in Hong Kong are South Korean; however, a few North Korean businesses and diplomats are known to operate in the territory as well.[6] In addition, a minority of North Korean refugees attempt to sneak across the border into the territory to obtain political asylum and transport to South Korea; the United States Committee for Refugees and Immigrants claims that the Hong Kong Police were instructed to keep no record of their arrest or registration.[7]
[edit] Employment
Koreans in Hong Kong are wealthier than the average Hong Kong resident; 42.6% of all Koreans employed in Hong Kong as of 2006 had a monthly salary of HK$30,000 or greater, as compared to just 10.8% of the whole population.[3] However, despite their higher wages, Koreans complain that they face far higher living costs in Hong Kong, including medical fees 20-30% higher than those in South Korea.[8]
23.1% of Koreans in Hong Kong work in the finance, insurance, real estate, or business services field, one of the highest proportions out of all ethnic minorities.[3] Among those 23.1% are an estimated 300 who work in the Hong Kong offices of major investment banks; most studied at universities in the United States before returning to Asia to take their present positions.[9] One of the more notable examples is Yun Chi-won, who was appointed country head and CEO of UBS AG's Hong Kong branch in March 2008 after just two decades of industry experience.[10]
Tsim Sha Tsui's Kimberley Street, a side street off of Kimberley Road, also boasts a small concentration of Korean restaurants and grocery stores owned by long-term Korean residents of Hong Kong, and has been dubbed Hong Kong's "Little Korea" as a result.[11]
[edit] Education
Hong Kong lacks a Korean-medium kindergarten, and so parents often send their children to English-medium kindergartens instead; some continue on to English-medium primary and secondary schools, such as those run by the English Schools Foundation, and as a result speak English better than Korean.[12] Koreans in Hong Kong are also served by one Korean school, the Korean International School in Sai Wan Ho. Founded in 1988, it enrolled 402 students as of 2006. However, they suffered a loss of community confidence due to a bribery scandal which triggered an investigation by the Independent Commission Against Corruption.[13][14] About 40 South Koreans are enrolled in Hong Kong universities, primarily the English-medium University of Hong Kong; they form just 1% of the 4,000 or so tertiary-level international students in the territory.[15]
[edit] Media
Hong Kong has one weekly Korean-language newspaper, the Wednesday Journal.[16]
[edit] Religion
There are about 260 Korean Catholic families in Hong Kong; a parish chapel devoted to them was consecrated in mid-2005.[2] A directory published by the Wednesday Journal lists two Korean Buddhist congregations and fourteen Korean Christian churches.[17]
[edit] Notes
- ^ "Korean Buddhist organisations in Hong Kong", World Buddhist Directory (Buddha Dharma Education Association), 2006, http://www.buddhanet.info/wbd/search.php?keyword=korean&prev_keyword%5B%5D=korean&newsearch=new&search=Begin+Search&country_id=41&province_id=0, retrieved on 2009-03-09
- ^ a b "Bishop John Tong, Auxiliary of Hong Kong, presides opening of new parish for Korean Catholic immigrants", Agenzia Fides, 2005-06-13, http://www.fides.org/eng/news/2005/0506/13_5106.html, retrieved on 2009-04-28
- ^ a b c d "Thematic Report: Ethnic Minorities" (PDF), Publications and Products of the 2006 Population By-census (Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong) (xvi), 2007-12-28, http://www.bycensus2006.gov.hk/FileManager/EN/Content_962/06bc_em.pdf, retrieved on 2008-01-23
- ^ "Chapter 6", Reports of General MacArthur: MacArthur in Japan: The Occupation: Military Phase, Volume I Supplement, US Army Center of Military History, 1950, http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/books/wwii/MacArthur%20Reports/MacArthur%20V1%20Sup/Index.htm; see note 39
- ^ "Thematic Report – Ethnic Minorities" (PDF), 2001 Population Census (Hong Kong: Census and Statistics Department), 2001-12-17, http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/FileManager/EN/Content_41/ethnic.pdf, retrieved on 2006-12-21
- ^ "Pyongyang's Banking Beachhead in Europe", Far Eastern Economic Review, 2003-02-13, http://www.asiapacificms.com/articles/north_korea_banking/, retrieved on 2006-12-25
- ^ (PDF) Country Reports: China, United States Committee for Refugees and Immigrants, 1998, http://www.asylumlaw.org/docs/china/uscr_countryreport98.pdf
- ^ "동포 대상 특화 서비스/Specialised services for overseas compatriots", YTN News, 2007-02-21, http://www.ytn.co.kr/global_korean/global_view.php?key=200702100905142253&s_mcd=0930&s_hcd=26, retrieved on 2008-11-28
- ^ "홍콩 금융계 한국인 진출 활발/Koreans advancing into Hong Kong finance industry", YTN News, 2008-05-03, http://www.ytn.co.kr/global_korean/global_view.php?key=200805031021240225&s_mcd=0930&s_hcd=26, retrieved on 2008-11-28
- ^ Song, Oe-dal (2008-03-02), "홍콩 금융가에 떠오른 한국계 CEO/The Korean CEO rising on Hong Kong's Finance Street", Chosun Ilbo, http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2008/03/02/2008030200827.html, retrieved on 2008-11-28
- ^ Lau, Joyce (12 January 2001), "Diverse-City: Little Korea", HK Magazine, http://www.hk-magazine.com/feature/diverse-city, retrieved on 2008-09-30
- ^ Lee, Hye-kyung (1996), The bilingual development in Hong Kong of Korean children aged 4 to 6, University of Hong Kong, http://sunzi1.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31213467, retrieved on 2008-09-30
- ^ "홍콩한국국제학교/Korean International School of Hong Kong", Overseas Korean Educational Institutions (National Institute for International Education Development, Republic of Korea), 2005, http://www.kosnet.go.kr/edu_net/overseas/sch_formal_inform.htm?no=9&page=1, retrieved on 2007-08-27
- ^ "홍콩 한인학교 간부 비리로 수감, 교민사회 '술렁'/Hong Kong Korean school board investigated, Korean residents 'shaken'", AnyChina News, 22 June 2006, http://www.anychina.net/news/6786, retrieved on 2007-08-27
- ^ "홍콩, 한국 유학생 유치 노력/In Hong Kong, Korean international students continuing to work hard", YTN News, 2006-07-06, http://www.ytn.co.kr/global_korean/global_view.php?key=200607062150577125&s_mcd=0930&s_hcd=26, retrieved on 2008-11-28
- ^ "수요저널", Wednesday Journal, http://www.wednesdayjournal.net, retrieved on 2008-01-23
- ^ "종교단체/Religious organisations", Wednesday Journal, http://www.wednesdayjournal.net/information/information.html?page=1&deptId=telinfo&kind=holy&keyfield=name&key=, retrieved on 2009-04-29
[edit] Further reading
- Kang, M. Agnes (November 2004), Language and identity in Diaspora: Koreans in Hong Kong, Department of English, Hong Kong University, http://www.hku.hk/rss/rs2005/rpg_4300_gen.html
- Kang, M. Agnes (2005), "Global Englishes, Local Identities: Language and Identity Among Koreans in Hong Kong", Language and Global Communication Conference, Wales: Cardiff University, http://www.global.cf.ac.uk/lgc2005/details.asp_id=136.html
- Kim, You-kyong (August 1999), The Learning Experience of Koreans Learning Cantonese as a Second Language, M.A. dissertation, Applied Linguistics, University of Hong Kong, http://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/123456789/29084/1/FullText.html
[edit] External links
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